Major Serological Screening Methodologies to Anti- T. gondii Antibodies Detection in Pregnancy: Mini Literature View

Lozano TSP, Benitez ADN, Sakamoto SR, Romano JFB, Stoppe CV, Ferreira JM, Santos JCD, Silva TCC, Gomes JF and Bresciani KDS

Department of Veterinary Medicine, Sao Paulo State University, Brazil
Department of Nursing, Educational Foundation of Penápolis, Brazil
Department of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Brazil

^*Correspondance to: Katia Denise Saraiva Bresciani 

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Abstract:

Congenital toxoplasmosis is a neglected protozoonotic disease of intercontinental distribution with incidence estimated in 1.5 cases per 1000 live births. This infection can be acquired intrauterine when the first infection of pregnant woman occurs and the Toxoplasma gondii reaches the fetus by transplacental via. The damage to the fetus can compromise the pregnancy and life quality of the infected individual. Early diagnosis of infection allows emergency therapeutic intervention with reduction of the transmission rate and also the severity of the sequelae. Different methodologies are available for the diagnosis of acute gestational toxoplasmosis with detection of IgG and IgM anti-T. gondii antibodies. The methodologies differ mainly by specificity and sensitivity values reached, as well as execution facility and time required. These parameters can decisively influence the choice of the most appropriate technique by the municipal health polices, in public health strategies. The main of the present review is to synthesize the major characteristics of serological tests for congenital toxoplasmosis.

Keywords:

Congenital toxoplasmosis; Gestational toxoplasmosis; Public health; Serology

Cite the Article:

Lozano TSP, Benitez ADN, Sakamoto SR, Romano JFB, Stoppe CV, Ferreira JM, et al. Major Serological Screening Methodologies to Anti- T. gondii Antibodies Detection in Pregnancy: Mini Literature View. Clin Case Rep Int. 2018; 2: 1079.