Unveiling the Uncommon: B-ALL Emerging in a Landscape of Multiple Myeloma- A Case Report

Harshal Mamlekar*, Rajesh Kashyap, Sanjeev, Ruchi Gupta, Khaliqur Rahman, Mona V, Manish Singh, Dinesh Chandra and Poorvi Kapoor

Department of Hematology, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India

^*Correspondance to: Harshal Mamlekar 

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Abstract:

Patients suffering from Multiple Myeloma (MM) have improved survival with current available therapies. However, there remains a long-term enhanced risk of developing treatment-associated second primary malignancies. Here we present a case of a patient with IgG Lambda MM who underwent treatment for refractory disease who was noted to have new onset bicytopenia. For his MM, he had previously received Immunomodulatory (IMiD) agents in induction as well as maintenance. A peripheral blood smear showed circulating abnormal lymphoid cells, and a bone marrow examination along with flowcytometry revealed B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (B-ALL). He was administered an age-appropriate induction chemotherapy regimen but he eventually succumbed. Secondary B-ALL is a rare occurrence in patients with MM, with exposure to alkylating agents and IMiD being potential risk factors.

Keywords:

Multiple myeloma; Leukaemia; Carcinogenesis; Immunomodulatory agents; Lenalidomide

Cite the Article:

Mamlekar H, Kashyap R, Sanjeev, Gupta R, Rahman K, Mona V, et al. Unveiling the Uncommon: B-ALL Emerging in a Landscape of Multiple Myeloma- A Case Report. Clin Case Rep Int. 2025; 9: 1719..