Anti-Neutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibody (ANCA) - Negative Small Vessel Vasculitis: A Rare Case Study of Hydronephrosis and Pulmonary Infiltrates

Liu X, Wang H, Chen N, Shao Y, Chai K and Zhang M

Department of Nephrology, Hangzhou TCM Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, China
Department of Nephrology, Lanxi Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China

^*Correspondance to: Minou Zhang 

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Abstract:

Hydronephrosis and pulmonary infiltrates are rare manifestations of ANCA - negative small vessel vasculitis. We report the case of a 66-year-old woman with progressive renal failure in which unilateral hydronephrosis and pulmonary infiltrates were the first manifestation of the disease. Tissue biopsy of kidney confirms the diagnosis of ANCA-negative pauci-immune Crescentic Glomerulonephritis (CrGN). Repeated ANCA tests were always negative, and other immune markers were normal. The hydronephrosis and pulmonary infiltrates rapidly improved under immunosuppressive therapy with high-dose corticosteroids and mycophenolate mofetil oral QD. The signs and symptoms of ANCA negative vasculitis are varied, which can lead to misdiagnosis. In clinical practice, patients with progressive renal failure and hydronephrosis but ANCA negative need to be screened for vessel vasculitis also.

Keywords:

ANCA-negative vasculitis; ANCA-negative pauci-immune CrGN; Hydronephrosis; Pulmonary infiltrates

Cite the Article:

Liu X, Wang H, Chen N, Shao Y, Chai K, Zhang M. Anti-Neutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibody (ANCA) - Negative Small Vessel Vasculitis: A Rare Case Study of Hydronephrosis and Pulmonary Infiltrates. Clin Case Rep Int. 2022; 6: 1421.